What is ecology primarily concerned with?

Ecology is primarily the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. This field encompasses various relationships, including those between different species (like predator-prey relationships or symbiotic interactions), their habitat, and the physical and chemical components of their surroundings. Understanding these interactions is crucial for assessing ecosystem health, biodiversity, and the dynamics of populations and communities.

The study of economics in relation to environmental systems does not fall under ecology specifically, as it pertains more to environmental science or economics. The analysis of climate change, while relevant to ecological studies, is a broader field that encompasses atmospheric sciences and climate science as well. Classification of plant species is more aligned with taxonomy and botany, focusing on identifying and categorizing different species rather than understanding their interactions within ecosystems. Thus, the focus of ecology on interactions provides the foundation for understanding both the complexity and interdependence of life forms on Earth.