What is the primary function of detritivores in an ecosystem?

The primary function of detritivores in an ecosystem is to recycle nutrients from dead organisms. Detritivores, such as earthworms and certain types of insects and fungi, feed on decomposing organic matter, which includes dead plants and animals. As they break down this material, they contribute to the decomposition process, which releases essential nutrients back into the soil or water. This recycling of nutrients is vital for ecosystem health, as it helps to maintain soil fertility and supports the growth of new plant life, thereby sustaining various food chains.

In ecosystems, the roles of organisms can be diverse, but detritivores specifically focus on returning organic material to the nutrient pool, enhancing productivity and ensuring the continuation of life processes. This nutrient cycling function contrasts with other options: while some organisms convert solar energy (like plants through photosynthesis), detritivores do not directly harness solar energy but instead facilitate the breakdown and regeneration of organic materials. They do not primarily provide food for top predators, although they indirectly support the food web by ensuring a constant supply of nutrients. Additionally, their role is not centered on competing for resources, as they primarily handle the organic waste material created by other organisms.