What type of species is defined as pollution tolerant?

The concept of pollution tolerance refers to the ability of certain organisms to endure less-than-ideal environmental conditions, particularly in various aquatic ecosystems. Species that are classified as pollution tolerant can survive and, in some cases, even thrive in waters that have been affected by pollutants such as chemicals, excess nutrients, or decreased oxygen levels.

These species often have physiological adaptations that enable them to cope with the stressors associated with pollution. For example, they might have a higher metabolic efficiency under low oxygen conditions or can utilize harmful substances as a resource. This characteristic makes them valuable for scientists and ecologists when assessing water quality, as their presence can indicate the level of pollution in a given body of water.

In contrast, species that thrive only in pristine environments or require clean water are sensitive to pollution and cannot withstand contaminated conditions. Consequently, their absence often signifies degraded water quality. Similarly, species sensitive to changes in water quality are also indicators of healthy ecosystems and provide insight into environmental changes. Thus, understanding the nature of pollution tolerant species is crucial for monitoring aquatic ecosystems and managing water quality.