Which of the following is an example of an Aquatic Nuisance Animal?

An aquatic nuisance animal is a species that has been introduced to a new ecosystem and causes harm to the environment, economy, or human health. The zebra mussel is a prime example of this type of invasive species. Originally native to the Caspian Sea region, zebra mussels were introduced to the Great Lakes in the 1980s, where they rapidly multiplied and spread. They attach themselves to various surfaces, including boats, docks, and native unionid mussels, leading to significant ecological disruption.

Zebra mussels filter water at a high rate, which can result in drastic changes to water quality and clarity, affecting local aquatic plants and altering food chains. Their invasion also causes economic problems, as they clog water intake pipes and infrastructure, leading to costly maintenance and repairs.

In comparison, while water hyacinth and Eurasian water milfoil are invasive plants and purple loosestrife is a troublesome wetland plant, the question specifically asks about an aquatic nuisance animal, which clearly identifies zebra mussel as the correct choice. Each of these other plants can also be harmful, but they do not fit the category of animals.