Which term encompasses all ecosystems on Earth?

The term that encompasses all ecosystems on Earth is "Biosphere." The biosphere refers to the global sum of all ecosystems, integrating all living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) and their relationships with each other, as well as with the environment (land, water, and atmosphere). It represents the layers of the Earth where life exists, spanning from the deep sea to the highest mountains and including terrestrial and aquatic environments.

In contrast, a community specifically refers to a group of populations of different species that live together in a particular area and interact with each other. An ecosystem is a more localized term that includes both the living organisms (biotic factors) and the physical environment (abiotic factors) in a specific area, functioning together as a system. A population describes a group of individuals of the same species that live in a particular area at the same time. Hence, these terms are more focused or limited in scope compared to the biosphere, which is the broadest term that captures all the Earth's ecosystems collectively.