Why does competition occur in nature?

Competition in nature primarily occurs because resources are limited. In any ecosystem, organisms require resources such as food, water, shelter, and space to survive and reproduce. When these resources are scarce, individuals or species must compete against one another to secure what they need for survival. This competition can take many forms, including direct confrontation for food or indirect competition for space or light.

When resources are abundant, organisms generally do not need to compete as there is enough to go around, leading to a more stable and harmonious ecosystem. In contrast, limited resources create a situation where only the most adaptable and resilient organisms thrive, which can ultimately shape species interactions and community dynamics. Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental principle of ecology regarding the relationship between resource availability and competitive interactions among species.